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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
Software Comparisons
Electrical Software
Multiple black cables and two large pipes, one blue and one white, run through a trench dug in sandy soil at a construction site.
8 mins read

Accurate Cable Ampacity for Shallow-Buried Cables

IEC 60287 often overrates shallow-buried cable ampacity. ELEK’s method models soil surface cooling for safer, more reliable HV cable ratings.
Diagram showing electric field (E), gravitational field (G), weight (W), and electrostatic force (Fe) acting on a charged oil drop.
10 mins read

Modelling a Fall of Potential Earth Grid Impedance Test

Understand how software simulations enhance grid impedance tests, improving accuracy and efficiency in earthing system design and performance evaluation.
Cross-section of a cable duct in soil showing airflow patterns: warm air rises in the center, cool air descends by the wall, and heat is conducted into the soil.
9 mins read

Ampacity of Multiple Cable Circuits in a Duct

Accurate ampacity for multiple cable circuits in a duct using FEM: Learn how mutual heating and duct arrangement impact safe, efficient cable design in solar PV systems.
Electric Analogue Voltmeter on Switchgear Panel ELEK Software 1170x585 - Popular
4 mins read

Voltage Drop Calculation Method with Examples

Equations and method with all steps for accurate voltage drop calculations including power factor, cable operating temperature, resistance, reactance, DC, 1-phase or 3-phase, balanced/unbalanced with calculation examples provided.
A person wearing an orange safety vest holds a cross-section of a high-voltage power cable, showing multiple concentric copper segments.
17 mins read

HVDC Cable Current Ratings: Thermal and Electrical Stress Constraints

Comprehensive analysis of field inversion, IEC 60287 Standards, finite element modelling, and case studies to optimise HVDC cable ampacity and insulation design.
ELEK Software Touch and Step Voltages to IEEE and IEC Standards 1170x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Safety Limit Calculations to IEEE and IEC Standards

A safe earthing system design has two objectives; to provide a means to carry normal and fault current without exceeding equipment limits or adversely affect continuity of service and to reduce the risk of a person in the vicinity of an earthed facility being exposed to the danger of a critical electric shock.
Motors in a factory setting_ELEK Software
1 min read

Maximum Demand Tables

Reference tables for diversity factors and energy demand from Wiring Rules AS/NZ 3000 for domestic and non-domestic installations.
Cable laying vessel lays cable at sea for an offshore wind farm 1170x585 - Popular
10 mins read

Submarine Power Cable Current Ratings (2025 update)

The calculation of submarine cable current ratings is different from land cables due to their complex construction and installation conditions.
Offshore wind farm with several turbines above water and underwater cables visible, set against a calm sea and a partly cloudy sky.
4 mins read

Thermal Analysis for HVDC Submarine Cables: Meeting the 2 K Criterion

Learn about thermal analysis for HVDC submarine cables, focusing on the 2 K Criterion to minimize environmental impacts.
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